Body Salt Concentration. Most sports drinks are approximately isotonic having between 4 and 5 heaped teaspoons of sugar per eight ounce 13 and 19 grams per 250ml serving. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system RAAS is a central element in the control of the salt and water balance of the body and arterial blood pressure.
This regulation equalizes the number of solute molecules across a semi-permeable membrane by the movement of water to the side of higher solute concentration. Hypertonic sport drinks contain a higher concentration of salt and sugar than the human body. Water body X showed salt concentration as 3 parts per thousand Y showed 35 parts per thousand and Z showed 110 parts per thousand salinity.
These observations led investigators to suspect that the plasma membranes of erythrocytes and other cell types contain water-channel proteins that accelerate.
Saltier water has higher mass density so the gravitational energy can be lowered that way. The activity of the RAAS is controlled by the protease renin which is released from renal juxtaglomerular epithelioid cells JGE cells into the. On the other hand in freshwater fishes the salt will go out to the environment as the salt concentration will be more inside the body fluid. The concentration differences go up until the free-energy of creating that big a concentration difference balances the gravitational energy change.
